Though I would share 7 rules of SQL Licensing Simplified that was in an SQL training Blog I follow
http://www.brentozar.com/archive/2015/04/microsoft-sql-server-licensing-simplified-into-7-rules/
- If you query it, you have to license it.
- “It” means the Windows environment – all of the processor cores that Windows sees. (Things get a little weirder under virtualization.)
- Running a backup or a DBCC is considered querying.
- If you license it, and you pay Software Assurance, you get exactly one free standby server of equivalent size. (Standby means you’re not querying it.)
- Standard Edition costs about $2k USD per core, but caps out at 16 cores and 128GB RAM (for SQL 2014, or 64GB for 2012).
- Enterprise Edition costs about $7k USD per core.
- Software Assurance is an additional annual fee that gives you free upgrades as long as you keep paying for it.